Bull Kelp Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Database, Northern California, 1971-2023

Événement déchantillonnage
Dernière version Publié par United States Geological Survey le juil. 9, 2025 United States Geological Survey
Accueil:
https://opc.dataone.org/view/doi:10.25494/P66W3J
Date de publication:
9 juillet 2025
Licence:
CC0 1.0

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Description

Kelps are critical habitat structuring organisms forming dense underwater forests in nearshore rocky reefs of northern California. Kelp forests support a range of species such as red abalone and red sea urchins which form the basis for important invertebrate fisheries in the region. Along with fisheries, kelp forests provide a suite of other ecosystem services including supporting biodiversity and carbon sequestration, making them critical habitats to monitor. Monitoring of kelps and kelp obligate species is now more important than ever with the intensification of ocean changes such as marine heatwaves, low oxygen events and ocean acidification. Changes in kelp forest ecosystems associated with fishing can be observed inside fished sites whereas changes in protected sites suggests region wide stressors. In this long-term, bull kelp forest monitoring program, divers quantify key marine invertebrates, algal cover and substrate types along transects inside and outside fished sites centered in Sonoma and Mendocino Counties, in northern California. As nearshore kelp forest ecosystems face increasing stressors, long term monitoring programs will be critical for informing fishery management, restoration strategies and marine spatial planning.

Enregistrements de données

Les données de cette ressource données d'échantillonnage ont été publiées sous forme dune Archive Darwin Core (Darwin Core Archive ou DwC-A), le format standard pour partager des données de biodiversité en tant quensemble dun ou plusieurs tableurs de données. Le tableur de données du cœur de standard (core) contient 4 097 enregistrements.

2 tableurs de données dextension existent également. Un enregistrement dextension fournit des informations supplémentaires sur un enregistrement du cœur de standard (core). Le nombre denregistrements dans chaque tableur de données dextension est illustré ci-dessous.

Event (noyau)
4097
ExtendedMeasurementOrFact 
96496
Occurrence 
26031

Cet IPT archive les données et sert donc de dépôt de données. Les données et métadonnées de la ressource sont disponibles pour téléchargement dans la section téléchargements. Le tableau des versions liste les autres versions de chaque ressource rendues disponibles de façon publique et permet de tracer les modifications apportées à la ressource au fil du temps.

Versions

Le tableau ci-dessous naffiche que les versions publiées de la ressource accessibles publiquement.

Comment citer

Les chercheurs doivent citer cette ressource comme suit:

Laura Rogers-Bennett, & Robert Klamt. (2024). Bull Kelp Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Database, Northern California, 1971-2023 (ongoing). California Ocean Protection Council Data Repository. doi:10.25494/P66W3J.

Droits

Les chercheurs doivent respecter la déclaration de droits suivante:

L’éditeur et détenteur des droits de cette ressource est United States Geological Survey. En vertu de la loi, léditeur a abandonné ses droits par rapport à ces données et les a dédié au Domaine Public (CC0 1.0). Les utilisateurs peuvent copier, modifier, distribuer et utiliser ces travaux, incluant des utilisations commerciales, sans aucune restriction.

Enregistrement GBIF

Cette ressource a été enregistrée sur le portail GBIF, et possède lUUID GBIF suivante : 0a9abcfb-2ac6-44b3-b241-ca66eff99b76.  United States Geological Survey publie cette ressource, et est enregistré dans le GBIF comme éditeur de données avec lapprobation du GBIF-US.

Mots-clé

kelp; abalone; sea urchin; sea star; sunflower star; substrate; Northern California; Algae; Marine protected area (MPA); Kelp forest/shallow; subtidal; Long-term MPA monitoring; North Coast; Invertebrates; Samplingevent

Contacts

Laura Rogers-Bennett
  • Créateur ●
  • Personne De Contact
  • Principal Investigator
University of California Davis
California
US
Robert Klamt
  • Fournisseur Des Métadonnées ●
  • Personne De Contact
  • Data Manager
University of California Davis
California
US
Marine Lebrec
  • Processeur
  • Data Specialist
CeNCOOS/MBARI
US
Mathew Biddle
  • Distributeur
  • Physical Scientist
United States Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (US MBON)
  • 1315 East-West Highway
20910 Silver Spring
MD
US
  • 3017134928

Couverture géographique

Sonoma and Mendocino Counties, in northern California, USA

Enveloppe géographique Sud Ouest [38,315, -123,829], Nord Est [39,429, -123,072]

Couverture taxonomique

Pas de description disponible

Kingdom Chromista, Plantae, Animalia
Phylum Mollusca, Arthropoda, Porifera, Chordata, Rhodophyta, Ochrophyta, Cnidaria, Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea, Demospongiae, Florideophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Bivalvia, Ascidiacea, Echinoidea, Polyplacophora, Anthozoa, Cephalopoda, Malacostraca, Gastropoda, Asteroidea, Teleostei
Order Nudibranchia, Clionaida, Pectinida, Trochida, Decapoda, Neogastropoda, Perciformes, Dendrochirotida, Chitonida, Forcipulatida, Laminariales, Tetractinellida, Valvatida, Actiniaria, Rhodymeniales, Spinulosida, Lepetellida, Synallactida, Ovalentaria incertae sedis, Tethyida, Stolidobranchia, Spirularia, Camarodonta, Octopoda
Family Asteropseidae, Clionaidae, Actiniidae, Echinasteridae, Asterinidae, Cucumariidae, Cerianthidae, Dorididae, Cancridae, Paguridae, Lottiidae, Sebastidae, Tethyidae, Champiaceae, Styelidae, Goniodorididae, Laminariaceae, Pholidae, Tonicellidae, Jordaniidae, Solasteridae, Cottidae, Tetillidae, Mopaliidae, Asteriidae, Acmaeidae, Haliotidae, Pectinidae, Varunidae, Sclerodactylidae, Lithodidae, Tegulidae, Hexagrammidae, Buccinidae, Embiotocidae, Fissurellidae, Strongylocentrotidae, Stichopodidae, Muricidae, Epialtidae, Acanthochitonidae, Grapsidae

Couverture temporelle

Date de début / Date de fin 1971-09-01 / 2023-09-18

Données sur le projet

The Marine Invertebrate Survey and Assessment Project focuses on addressing processes that impact marine populations and communities, and then applies these findings to fishery management and marine conservation issues. Staff work primarily with benthic (sea floor) marine invertebrates inhabiting nearshore rocky reef ecosystems, or sand, mud, or soft sediment environments. Staff use field, experimental and modeling approaches to understand population and community-level dynamics.

Titre Marine Invertebrate Survey and Assessment Project
Description du domaine détude / de recherche Survey sites are located on rocky reef kelp forest habitat. Surveys take place in Sonoma and Mendocino Counties in northern California which is home to 90% of the bull kelp forest habitat in northern California.
Description du design The California Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (CDFW) Invertebrate Management Project conducts annual kelp forest surveys in northern California. Surveys are conducted to monitor the health of the kelp forest community focusing on important foundation species such as bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana, ecosystem engineers including purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, and fished species such as red abalone, Haliotis rufescens and red sea urchins, Mesocentrotus franciscanus. CDFW enforcement staff play a vital role in these survey efforts providing patrol boats as work platforms and experienced crew to captain small vessels and support divers. Scuba divers deploy from small boats including rigid hull inflatable, whaler and zodiacs. The small boats use the larger patrol boats as a base of operations for equipment such as dive compressor as well as survey and dive equipment.

Les personnes impliquées dans le projet:

Laura Rogers-Bennett
  • Auteur
Robert Klamt
  • Auteur

Méthodes déchantillonnage

Scuba divers that are certified by the CDFW and/or the American Academy of Underwater Sciences trained are used to conduct the surveys. Divers must be trained in underwater survey techniques and be able to locate and identify cryptic species including two species of sea urchins and three species of abalone. Diver safety takes precedence over data collection. Once trained, divers are assigned to randomly-selected GPS way points within designated depth strata: A: 0-15ft, B:16-30ft, C:31-45ft, and D:46-60ft. Divers typically complete 8-9 transects within each of the four depth strata ranging from 0-60 feet at each site. Divers swim along transect areas measuring 30 x 2m in area across the rocky reef. All transects are in habitat which is dominated (>70% rock) by rocky reef. Two divers (a dive team) work together to count and measure organisms along the transect with each diver sampling a 1-meter swath on either side of the 30 m tape for a total survey area of 60 m2. On average 30% of the divers working with CDFW divers are volunteer citizen science divers or scientific divers belonging to other California science dive programs such as the University of California, California State University system or NOAA divers. Data collected on the transects include depth of transect, number, size and species of abalone and urchins, number of associated species and predators, substrate, algal type percent cover. Emergent sampling focuses on emergent, exposed, or slightly cryptic animals but visible without turning rocks or the use of a flash light. Where needed divers mark abalone shells with yellow forestry crayons to avoid duplicate counts and measures. Data that is needed from each dive is specified on waterproof datasheets which the divers fill out. Upon return to the boat data sheets are checked by the lead diver to ensure accuracy and readability for the first quality control check.

Etendue de létude The Kelp Forest Monitoring data record span surveys across 28 years from 1971 through 2023 at 20 locations on the Sonoma-Mendocino Coast, Northern California. Years without data, inclusive: 1972-1985, 1987, 1988, 1993-1998, 2002, 2020, 2021. These surveys are ongoing and are conducted by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife dive team with participation from dive program partners at UC Davis, UC Santa Cruz, Cal Poly Humboldt, Sonoma State and other dive programs and volunteers. Not all sites were surveyed in all years. Surveys prior to 2003 were not conducted by the same teams or with the same methods except that all surveys were done using Scuba along 30 x 2m transects randomly placed in the subtidal zone in rocky habitats dominated by bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana, forests. These randomly placed band transects surveys were stratified by depth (A=0-15, B=16-30, C=31-45, D=46-60 ft) as we know sea urchin and abalone populations differ by depth.

Description des étapes de la méthode:

  1. For a detailed description of the methods, see the .RTF metadata files at this link: https://opc.dataone.org/view/doi:10.25494/P66W3J

Métadonnées additionnelles